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April 16, 2024, Vol 331, No. 15, Pages 1257-1340

In This Issue of JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text
free access online only has audio
JAMA. 2024;331(15):e2318262. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.18262
  • Audio: α-Synuclein Skin Biopsy, Elastography Scores and Liver Events, Video Laryngoscopy, and more
Original Investigation

Video Laryngoscopy vs Direct Laryngoscopy for Endotracheal Intubation in the Operating Room: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial

Kurt Ruetzler, MD; Sergio Bustamante, MD; Marc T. Schmidt; et al.
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1279-1286. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0762

This cluster randomized clinical trial assesses the extent to which video laryngoscopy compared with direct laryngoscopy might facilitate intubation in patients undergoing surgical procedures during routine clinical practice.

Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography Scores to Predict Liver-Related Events in Steatotic Liver Disease

Huapeng Lin, PhD; Hye Won Lee, MD, PhD; Terry Cheuk-Fung Yip, PhD; et al.
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1287-1297. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.1447

This cohort study evaluates the prognostic implications of baseline and repeated vibration-controlled transient elastography scores and liver stiffness measurements in a large cohort of patients with metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease.

Skin Biopsy Detection of Phosphorylated α-Synuclein in Patients With Synucleinopathies

Christopher H. Gibbons, MD, MMSc; Todd Levine, MD; Charles Adler, MD, PhD; et al.
Abstract Full Text
has active quiz
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1298-1306. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0792

This cross-sectional study evaluates the rate of detection of cutaneous phosphorylated α-synuclein by skin biopsy in individuals with and without synucleinopathy.

Research Letter

Comparative Analysis of Multimodal Large Language Model Performance on Clinical Vignette Questions

Tianyu Han, PhD; Lisa C. Adams, MD; Keno K. Bressem, MD; et al.
Abstract Full Text
has audio
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1320-1321. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.27861

This study compares 2 large language models and their performance vs that of competing open-source models.

  • Audio: How Do Multimodal Large Language Models Perform on Clinical Vignette Questions?

Partner Plan Choices and Medicare Advantage Enrollment Decisions Among Older Adults

Lianlian Lei, PhD; Helen Levy, PhD; Claire Ankuda, MD, MPH, MSc; et al.
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1322-1325. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.1773

This study examines the association of partner Medicare Advantage plan status over 1 year with beneficiary and plan characteristics.

Industry Payments to US Physicians by Specialty and Product Type

Ahmed Sayed, MBBS; Joseph S. Ross, MD, MHS; John Mandrola, MD; et al.
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1325-1327. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.1989

This study examines the distribution of payments within and across specialties and the medical products associated with the largest total payments.

Viewpoint

Health and the 2024 US Election

Digital Redlining—The Invisible Structural Determinant of Health

Monica L. Wang, ScD, MS; Cristina M. Gago, PhD, MPH; Kate Rodriguez, BA
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1267-1268. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.1628

This Viewpoint describes digital redlining as racialized inequities in access to technology infrastructure, including access to health care, education, employment, and social services.

The FDA in the Crosshairs—Science, Politics, and Abortion

Holly Fernandez Lynch, JD, MBE; Aaron S. Kesselheim, MD, JD, MPH
Abstract Full Text
free access has audio
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1269-1270. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2229

In this Viewpoint, the Supreme Court case FDA v AHM is used to illustrate the tension the FDA faces between science and politics, and state authority over abortion vs federal authority over which drugs may be marketed nationwide.

  • Audio: Mifepristone–Science, Abortion Care, and Politics

The Rise and Risks of Medicare Advantage “Affinity Plans”

Adam L. Beckman, MD, MBA; Andrew M. Ryan, PhD; Jose F. Figueroa, MD, MPH
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1271-1272. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.1703

This Viewpoint discusses the proliferation of Medicare Advantage plans targeting specific groups of individuals and whether these plans will improve quality of care for beneficiaries.

A Piece of My Mind

Quieting the Quiver

Kelley Ward, MD
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1273. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0543

In this narrative medicine essay, a pediatric hospitalist identifies her sense of foreboding as a quiver that has and can rob her of moment-to-moment joy and in identifying it learns to use it as a guide to peace.

Editorial

Predicting Liver-Related Outcomes in Steatotic Liver Disease

Zobair M. Younossi, MD, MPH
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1274-1275. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0799

Guidance on Use of Race, Ethnicity, and Geographic Origin as Proxies for Genetic Ancestry Groups in Biomedical Publications

W. Gregory Feero, MD, PhD; Robert D. Steiner, MD; Anne Slavotinek, MBBS, PhD; et al.
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1276-1278. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.3737
Review

Arteriovenous Access for Hemodialysis: A Review

Charmaine E. Lok, MD, MSc; Thomas S. Huber, MD, PhD; Ani Orchanian-Cheff, BA, MISt; et al.
Abstract Full Text
has active quiz has audio
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1307-1317. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0535

This Review discusses the selection, creation, and maintenance of arteriovenous access for hemodialysis for patients with kidney failure.

  • Audio: Arteriovenous Access for Hemodialysis
JAMA Insights

Climate Change and Health

Infectious Diseases in a Changing Climate

Matthew C. Phillips, MD, PhD; Regina C. LaRocque, MD, MPH; George R. Thompson III, MD
Abstract Full Text
has active quiz
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1318-1319. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.27724

This JAMA Insights in the Climate Change and Health series discusses the importance of clinicians having awareness of changes in the geographic range, seasonality, and intensity of transmission of infectious diseases to help them diagnose, treat, and prevent these diseases.

Medical News & Perspectives

AI in Medicine

Digital Avatars and Personalized Voices—How AI Is Helping to Restore Speech to Patients

Samantha Anderer; Yulin Hswen, ScD, MPH
Abstract Full Text
free access has audio
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1259-1261. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.23556

In this Medical News article, Edward Chang, MD, chair of the department of neurological surgery at the University of California, San Francisco Weill Institute for Neurosciences joins JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS, to discuss the potential for AI to revolutionize communication for those unable to speak due to aphasia.

  • JAMA Medical News Audio: AI and Clinical Practice—The Potential for AI to Enable Speech and Facilitate Full Expression for Individuals With Brain Injuries

Patients Are Turning to TikTok for Health Information—Here’s What Clinicians Need to Know

Samantha Anderer
Abstract Full Text
free access has audio
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1262-1264. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.1280

This Medical News article discusses research on health information being shared on the social media platform.

  • Audio: April 12, 2024 Medical News Summary
Medical News in Brief

COVID-19 Infection Tied to Slight Cognitive Deficits

Emily Harris
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1265. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2087

Ultraprocessed Foods Linked With 32 Types of Health Problems

Emily Harris
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1265. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2088

Study: Nearly 1 in 4 Families With Older Adults Has Food Insecurity

Emily Harris
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1265. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2089

Therapy Delivered by Nonspecialists Improved Postpartum Mental Health

Emily Harris
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1265-1266. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2090

Meta-Analysis: Cardiovascular Risks Rose After Stopping Aspirin

Emily Harris
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1266. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2091

COVID-19 Associated With Higher Risk of Autoimmune Diseases

Emily Harris
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1266. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2092

Antidepressant Prescriptions for Female Teens Surged After Pandemic

Emily Harris
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1266. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2093

Nerve Cell Growth Might Underlie Discomfort Tied to Recurrent UTIs

Emily Harris
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1266. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2094
Poetry and Medicine

Holy

Patrick L. Clary, MD
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1336. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0338
JAMA Revisited

Current Comment

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1337. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.18263
JAMA Patient Page

What Is Priapism?

Kian Asanad, MD; Joshua A. Halpern, MD, MS; Robert E. Brannigan, MD
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1340. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.26934

This JAMA Patient Page describes the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of priapism.

Comment & Response

International Humanitarian Law in the Israeli-Gaza Conflict

Nikki R. Adler, BSc, MBBS, PhD; Lori Chait-Rubinek, MBBS; Jane M. Grant-Kels, MD
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1327-1328. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.4438

International Humanitarian Law in the Israeli-Gaza Conflict

Sherri N. Sheinfeld Gorin, PhD
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1328-1329. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.4435

International Humanitarian Law in the Israeli-Gaza Conflict

Charles G. Kels, JD
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1329. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.4432

International Humanitarian Law in the Israeli-Gaza Conflict

Elihu D. Richter, MD, MPH; Elliot M. Berry, MD; Avraham I. Rivkind, MD
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1329-1330. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.4429

International Humanitarian Law in the Israeli-Gaza Conflict—Reply

Lawrence O. Gostin, JD; Michele B. Goodwin, JD, SJD
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1330. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.4426

Ableist Language in NIH’s Mission Statement

Paul M. Jost, MD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1331. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0598

Ableist Language in NIH’s Mission Statement—Reply

Lisa I. Iezzoni, MD, MSc; Bonnielin K. Swenor, PhD, MPH
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1331-1332. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0601

Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound and Clinical Outcomes in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Hila Asham, PharmD; Taher Entezari-Maleki, PharmD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1332. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0623

Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound and Clinical Outcomes in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Vadim Zakiev, MD; Anna Gvozdeva, MD; Anton Skotnikov, MD, PhD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1332. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0620

Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound and Clinical Outcomes in Acute Myocardial Infarction—Reply

Guihao Chen, MD, PhD; Meixia Shang, MD; Yuejin Yang, MD, PhD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1332-1333. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0617

Sintilimab and Cardiovascular Toxicity

Linfeng Peng, MD; Dandan Yang, MD; Cuilian Weng, MD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1333-1334. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0673

Sintilimab and Cardiovascular Toxicity—Reply

Jianming Xu, MD; ORIENT-16 Investigators
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1334-1335. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0676
JAMA Masthead

JAMA

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2024;331(15):1257-1258. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.18261

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